A second Nevaeh thought

June 4th, 2009

Some afterthoughts on coverage of the Nevaeh Buchanan story.

There’s more to evaluating news coverage than timeliness. Accuracy, relevance, usefulness, balance and appropriate presentation all are important, too.

In my new role – as a college journalism professor, not a newspaper editor – commenting on the media goes with the territory. Before, my role was to explain and defend. Now it’s to analyze and evaluate.

As many people have mentioned on MonroeTalks.com, The Evening News’ coverage after a slow start has met most of those tests. I can’t say the same for some of the area TV stations.

It wouldn’t be fair to make a blanket statement about all of the television coverage, because I haven’t monitored it closely enough. Some has been very good. But some of the TV stations seemed to be more interested in exploiting the story for ratings than in presenting useful information.

They spent more of their precious on-air seconds promoting the story than reporting it. They focused more video on emotional responses than on facts. And they played rumors or minor sidebars like they were big breakthroughs, even when they knew they probably weren’t.

To be fair, that’s what TV does.  This criticism is valid for much of TV news coverage. They intensely promote because they’re in intense competition.  Given the choice, they’ll almost always push emotional video over boring facts. And they’re desperate for anything new – so they grab at rumors just to make it appear they have a hot breakthrough.  

As consumers of news, we just need to understand that about TV news, whether local or national.

Yes, monroenews.com and The Evening News  lost out to other media in this story when it comes to timeliness. The Evening News, as a news organization, usually errs on the side of being careful and cautious, not sensational.  That puts it at a disadvantage when covering a big story.

But in the long run, I think that’s a good thing. As media converge and the digital news world grows,  consumers will have more sources of news than they can imagine. I think people eventually will gravitate to the media outlets they feel they can trust.

The Evening News will get faster as it learns the ropes of the digital world. I hope there is never a next time for this kind of story. But next time Evening News reporters are faced with a big, breaking story, they’ll respond more quickly.

I hope they keep their careful approach to reporting facts, debunking rumors and maintain balance and proportion in presenting the news.

Nevaeh story highlights new media world

June 1st, 2009

The tragic disappearance of Nevaeh Buchanan brings Monroe and its small-town newspaper face-to-face with two dramatic media trends.

One, the emergence of social media as a force in news coverage, and two, how a “big story” engulfs a community like never before.

By now it has been well documented on local talk forums that the Monroe Evening News and monroenews.com were slow to react to the breaking Nevaeh story. The timing couldn’t have been worse for a community newspaper with a small staff – 6 p.m. on a Sunday night before a Monday holiday.

The Evening News published a morning paper on Memorial Day, so there was no reason for any reporters to be in the office Monday morning. The story broke on the Amber Alert Web site and was roaring along on MonroeTalks.com for hours before the first news story was posted on monroenews.com.

In my view, this is a fascinating glimpse into the future of news coverage in the digital era.

Gone is the day when news organizations are first to cover breaking news. The plane crash in the Hudson River this spring was first reported on Twitter by a bystander with a cell phone. As more and more people are linked to the world by a device they carry in a pocket, it stands to reason that first-hand reports of news events will come from onlookers before any media can arrive.

That’s one of the reasons The  Evening News created MonroeTalks.com. Remember, it started more than three years ago with the “Eyes and Ears” forum on monroenews.com. The idea was that readers could be the eyes and ears of the community, posting news of traffic snarls or severe weather or whatever else.

That evolved into MonroeTalks.com, which has been an award-winning example of a local news organization creating its own social network.

So it’s not necessarily a bad thing that the most robust discussion of the Nevaeh story has been on MonroeTalks.com. That’s why it was created.

And once news reporters at The Evening News got on top of the Nevaeh story, they’ve done an excellent job keeping readers posted on the latest news, creating a separate page on the Web site to organize the coverage, linking to other Web sources, blogging on the coverage and responding to comments on  MonroeTalks.com.

I’m sure this has been a tremendous opportunity for The Evening News staff to see the power of social networking and its role in news coverage.

When a big story hits a community, people used to wait around for the 6 p.m. news and the daily newspaper. Now they’re on their computers and smart  phones, joining the fray, sharing news (and rumors), offering opinions and  links to other news and social network sites. An entire community can be engulfed by the story in minutes.

One of the coolest features of this new world order for media is how well the traditional news media and the new social network together provide readers with a more complete picture. Staffers at The Evening News have reported every detail of the news that can be confirmed, as well as extensive coverage of the community response.  Meanwhile, MonroeTalks.com has been part of a rich, diverse network that inclues YouTube, Facebook, Twitter and other sites, providing a wealth of information, links, rumors, prayers, opinions and diatribes.

Of  course, MonroeTalks.com and other social networking sites are the ultimate example of “reader beware.” You can’t assume anything is accurate.  Mixed with the good information and thoughtful opinions are awful posts that spread falsities, hate and fear. But that comes with the territory, and regular users of social media get pretty good at just ignoring the bad stuff.

Between the news coverage on monroenews.com and the print edition of The Evening News, and the discussion on MonroeTalks.com, the Nevaeh story has brought the Monroe community together in a way perhaps never seen before. Certainly, more people have never participated in a story.

As they get better at embracing social networking as part of their coverage, Evening News reporters will do more blogging, link more widely to other sources on the Internet, provide more video and other multi-media coverage, and send their online reports directly to mobile devices.

But all-in-all, other than the slow holiday response, this story has been a good look at the future of news coverage, and monroenews.com and MonroeTalks.com made a pretty solid team.

In the unlikely case that anyone is coming to this blog before they saw the Nevaeh story, here are links to the appropriate spots on MonroeTalks.com and monroenews.com.

A new era begins today

March 30th, 2009

The Detroit newspapers are not being delivered to homes today.

Is this evidence of the fall of newspapers, or a healthy sign of the re-birth of  journalism in America?

Only time will tell.

The idea that newspapers can survive as a new paper/online mix that emphasizes daily news on the Web and a print edition only two or three times a week, is not that far-fetched.

Actually, it fits my personal news reading habits these days. I often skip my daily newspaper and catch up on the news on-line when I have time. The papers sometimes pile up for days.

But two or three times a week, when I do have time, I prefer to curl up with my dead tree version of the news. It has so many advantages over a computer – portability and serendipity being the most obvious.

So while I was initially critical of the experiment by the Detroit Free Press and Detroit News, and also reacted negatively to the announcement by Michigan’s Booth Newspapers of similar plans, I’m now rethinking.

For most American newspapers, I think the move would be premature. As long as people want a daily newspaper delivered to their homes, I think media companies should continue providing it. It seems, at first glance, to be insane for the Detroit and Ann Arbor papers to politely decline to deliver the daily paper, even though tens of thousands are willing to pay for it.

But I understand what they’re aiming at. The status quo isn’t working. Newspaper profitability is declining, exacerbated by the recession.  

News that is timely and important, I’ve usually read online before my printed paper arrives (or I get home to read it). 

Much of the content of the paper isn’t that timely. When I read it three days late, I still enjoy it. I’m glad when I find a good article about progress in treating diabetes, or political turmoil in Africa, or a neighbor with an interesting hobby. I would never read those stories on-line, but I’m drawn to them when I turn the newspaper page.

Since most people are now using both methods – along with TV, radio, cell phones, etc., to get the news - why not search for a better blend of online and print that allows cost cuts but retains the essential ingredient – good journalism.

Of course, one of the problems with this scenerio comes when there is big news on a day the newspaper is not delivering. It was probably inevitable that would happen on the first day of Detroit’s experiment, with the big GM announcement and Michigan State making the Final Four. 

Oh, well. I’m rooting for the Detroit, Ann Arbor and other newspaper experiments. Whether they have the right model or not remains to be seen. It’s not a bad thing that they’re experimenting.

If this approach can save local journalism in Detroit and Ann Arbor – reporters covering the news of government and community – then it’s a good thing.

I’m just glad the Monroe Evening News is still delivered to my doorstep daily. It’s still my decision whether I read the print or online version .

In Detroit, readers no longer have that choice, and Ann Arbor readers will lose that choice this summer.

Good for Rush Limbaugh

March 8th, 2009

I’ve been listening to Rush Limbaugh off and on for years, since early in his rise to the top of talk radio.

I agree with some of what he says, disagree with some of it, and get a good laugh almost every time I tune him in.

This week was good for several laughs, as Mr. Limbaugh gained the national stage as never before by first challenging the president to a debate, then saying he hopes Barack Obama fails.

The amazing thing is, the mainstream media actually took him seriously.

As a journalist dedicated to being impartial, I’m interested in what everyone has to say. I don’t feel “informed” until I’ve heard all sides.

In that context, I’ve found Mr. Limbaugh to be a convenient mouthpiece for conservatives. If I wondered where the right wing stood on any particular issue, I could listen to Rush for a day or two and feel confident I had heard that side of the story.

Over the years, he has been amazingly consistent with his message. He’s the classic ideologue. He knows one line, and he knows it well. You can count on him for the company line – conservative style.

In the process, you also can count on him to say some really outrageous things. You can’t tell for sure whether he has his tongue firmly in his cheek. He often doesn’t let on. But if you’re half-way open-minded, that’s where the laughs come in. It’s really funny stuff. 

Of course, when you realize that some of the 14 million people in his radio audience think he’s serious, even when he’s being obnoxious for effect, it’s a little scary.

Bottom line. Mr. Limbaugh is a very talented entertainer. In his speech last week to a conservative conference in Washington, D.C., he told some hilarious jokes. He said some things that made a lot of sense, especially if you’re a conservative. And he said some things that were rude and obnoxious. It was all completely in character. That’s who he is.

The great irony is that – no surprise – the big winner of the week was Rush Limbaugh. His ratings will go up. He got lots of attention. It seems obvious that’s what he lives for.

Of course, the Republican Party was the biggest loser. They’re stuck with even more Americans thinking that Rush Limbaugh is the spokesman for their party. Ouch!

The Democrats didn’t come off much better. They jumped so heavily on the bandwagon they must have broken both axles. Not a pretty sight.

Congratulations to Rush.

About history, rivers and ethnocentrism…

March 5th, 2009

I’m often humbled at the end of a good book.

As I set it down, I take a moment to peer into my own soul and ask, “What have I done to touch the world the way that book touched me.”

Alas, the answer is, “not much.” 

The book I just put down is “A little History of The World,” by E.H. Gombrich. If you’re familiar with it, you know that I’m a little slow, once again. It was 2005 when “A Little History” was first tranlated into English and made a splash in America. Four years late is about on par for me.

No one told me about his book. I was wandering the aisles at Borders when I saw it on a “sale” table. The cover said it was “an international bestseller.” I like history, so why not?

I’m a big believer in serendipity, and here’s another reason why. “A Little History” is like a little nugget of gold or precious jewels, hiding among the self-help books and mystery novels. I’m a richer man for having uncovered it.

There are many reasons this little book touched me, but I’ll only mention two – American ethnocentrism, and the “river of history” metaphor. 

Imagine this scenerio. A young Austrian, just out of college in 1935 and wondering what to do with his life, is asked to translate a children’s history book from German to English. Needing a job, he agrees, but when he reads the book he complains to the publisher that it’s poorly written. So the publisher invites him to write his own version, and gives him six weeks to complete it.

This young man sits down to tell the history of the world, in language intended for a bright 12-year-old. For six weeks he spends his days in the library and writes one chapter each night. When he’s through, he has written, not a history book full of facts and figures, but a sweeping vision of history that seamlessly ties the great tides of human experience into one gently flowing river.

Which is where the river metaphor comes in. In the final chapter he draws that picture himself, asking the reader to imagine flying along in a small airplane above the river of time. It would sound corny and cliched, if you hadn’t just read “A Little History,” which succeeded in doing just that.

I also mentioned American ethnocentrism. In the good ol’ USA, we tend to think of the world as revolving around us. But “A Little History” was written by an Austrian, in Vienna in 1935. It covers the history of the world with only a couple brief mentions of America. More words were spent on the Spanish conquest of Mexico City than on the creation of a new nation in North America.

The Civil War merited a few paragraphs, and the U.S. entry into World War I drew a few more sentences.  But that was about it.  In the eyes of an Austrian in 1935, America was a minor footnote in the grand scheme of things.

I must admit, I was a little hurt at first. While I attribute the birth of democracy and the grand concepts of human rights and equality to Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson and John Adams, he talked at length about The Enlightenment and the great French and English writers who championed those causes.

It’s good medicine to see the world through someone else’s eyes.

In this case, you get a rare opportunity to view the entire history of the world. 

Oh, and don’t be put off that it’s written for children. That may very well be what made this particular version of history so compelling.  In order to make it easily understood, Gombrich had to cut through all the complications and details that often bog down history lessons.

He told it like a story – a grand, sweeping tale with no real beginning and no real ending – like a river that starts over the horizon in one direction and flows beyond sight in the other.

In the process, it provides remarkable insight into who we are today and how we got here.

Speech coverage became political too quickly

February 25th, 2009

Journalism is all about telling both sides of a story.

That’s as it should be. I can’t tell you how many times I’ve heard one side and been convinced they were right, only to hear the other side and be equally convinced. Often there are third and fourth perspectives, too.

The world isn’t a black and white place; that’s why covering news can be so challenging.

The coverage of Barack Obama’s budget speech last night got me thinking about this. Of course, print and broadcast journalists gave details from the speech. They related the high points of what the president said.

But it seemed like the coverage switched too quickly to what the opposition had to say, turning the story into a “he said, they said,” before readers/viewers had a chance to digest the content of what may turn out to be a very important discussion of the future of our country.

Maybe that’s because reporters assumed everyone had watched or listened to the speech and reaction was more important. 

I think there’s another reason. In the highly polarized state we’ve evolved into over the last couple decades, journalists have been under attack for leaning too far to the left. And they’ve been lambasted particularly in the last year for being too soft on Barack Obama.

So there is a knee-jerk response to make sure they’re getting the conservative response to everything the president says or does.  

Don’t get me wrong. I certainly think the Republican reaction to a presidential speech is an appropriate part of the coverage. It would be wrong not to include it.

But the meat and potatoes of coverage of a major presidential speech should be reporting on and analyzing the details and the nuances – helping  Americans understand what it all means to them.

Instead, it was turned into a political football to be kicked back and forth.

A middle-aged love story for Valentine’s Eve

February 14th, 2009

I’m not an expert on Nicholas Sparks’ books, or on making movies from novels.

Generally, I’ve avoided jumping on the ”hate-the-movie-because-it-didn’t-do-the-book-justice” bandwagon.

I try to enjoy both, for what they are. You can’t replicate the reading experience in a theater. So I try to just relax and not be judgmental.

That was the case last night when my wife, Kathy, and I watched ”Nights in Rodanthe,” the latest Nicholas Sparks novel turned to movie. Kath read the book several years ago and enjoyed it so much she suggested I read it, too.

As with most of his novels and movies, ”Rodanthe” is definately targeted at women. Romance and tragedy. Tragedy and romance. That’s what he writes about, and he does it well.  In this case, it involves middle-aged love with real passion, something you don’t find much in movies.

I have a sensitive side, too, and I enjoyed both the book and the movie. I got misty eyed at the appropriate places.

What struck me was that Richard Gere and Diane Lane, whatever the critics may think of their performances, succeeded in capturing the spirit of the book – including the gut-wrenching pain and soaring joy that come with life and love.

Of course, Sparks’ books obviously adapt well to movies. “The Notebook” and “Message in a Bottle” were big hits in recent years. He knows how to spin the anguish of life into bittersweet love.

And while Rodanthe is light on depth and heavy on sentimental cliches, it succeeded in providing a wonderful way to spend Valentine’s Eve.

Language of steroid coverage drives me crazy

February 11th, 2009

As I read and listen to the coverage of Alex Rodriguez’s steroid use, I find myself wincing at the imprecise and sometimes just plain wrong use of the language.

One radio commentator kept talking about A-Rod’s drug abuse.

I don’t know about you, but I don’t think steroids when I hear the term “drug abuse.”

Of course, the term “drugs” isn’t inaccurate. In its widest, generic use, almost anything you can ingest, from aspirin to caffeine, is a drug. But it sure isn’t the word I’d choose to describe what A-Rod and others did during the height of baseball’s steroid era.

Then there’s the term “performance-enhancing substance.”

Okay, that’s not “wrong,” either. But it’s almost as vague. Vitamin C is a performance-enhancing substance, along with protein drinks, Gatorade and granola bars.

Athletes have been searching for the most “performance-enhancing” food supplements since the days of Roman gladiators. There’s a fine line between the healthy, legitimate substances and the unhealthy, unethical ones.

Another term that drives me crazy is “banned substances.” That works in cycling and swimming.  But baseball had not banned the use of steroids and human growth hormones back in 2003 when A-Rod, Barry Bonds and Mark McGwire, among others, apparently were using them.

As in most writing, the best word choices are the most specific. If you’re talking about steroids, then call them steroids. If you’re talking about human growth hormones, then call them that. And quickly explain whether they were illegal or not at the time they were used.

Of course, one of the great ironies surrounding baseball’s now infamous steroids era is that nobody is going to be punished for using steroids or any other substance. But several people are likely to spend time in jail for lying about it.

It’s one of the many unfair facts about life – what you do isn’t as important as when you get caught.

Because Barry Bonds was fingered early in the process, he chose to lie, and now he’s on trial facing jail time because of it. Same with Miguel Tejada, who is facing charges of lying to Congress.

Alex Rodriguez’ steroid use wasn’t discovered until years later, when hindsight makes it obvious that the best option is to tell the truth – only lying in front of a judge or Congress can land you in jail.

They both did the same thing many of the other athletes of their era did – reach for any edge that would make them better. The pitchers were doing it – why do you think so many 88-mph fastballs became 94-mph fastballs. They wanted to compete.

Was it right? Of course not. They knew they were cheating. But it was like being in a classroom taking a test when the teacher left the room and a third of the class began comparing answers. Is it the students’ fault or the teacher’s?

A little of both, I’d say.

Some of the students are going to be punished. What about the teachers?

Taking down Kwame – no hard feelings

February 8th, 2009

“It’s not personal.”

That comes from Mike Elrick, one of the reporters who broke the text message story that ended in Kwame Kilpatrick moving from city hall to the county jail.

“It’s business. Just doing my job. No hard feelings on my part,” was how Elrick described his state of mind just days after the former mayor got out of jail.

“Of course, Kwame may not feel that way,” he added.

I attended a talk Friday by the two Detroit Free Press reporters who broke the Kwame Kilpatrick text message story.

Elrick and Jim Schaefer spoke at the Michigan Press Association annual meeting Friday, in a session moderated by Ron Dzwonkowski, an associate editor at the Free Press.

I’m glad I went. There are lots of story lines from the talk. Including a few good nuggets that I can pass along to journalism students in my classes. Here are some highlights:

– First, I was impressed by the two reporters’ professionalism and humble, self-deprecating manner. It was good to see two guys representing our profession so well. There was no gloating or grandstanding. They clearly were proud of what they did – as they should be. But they did a nice job of keeping it in perspective.

– One of the principal messages they left was that good reporting is about building good relationships with sources. And the best way to do that is to always tell the truth. Be upfront and straightforward, both in any promises you give sources and in what you report in the newspaper.

 Even if you report information that is critical of a source, in the long run they and others will respect you if the facts are accurate and fairly presented.

Building good source relationships isn’t just about asking questions. It’s also about getting to know people as human beings.

 ”We talk to people when we don’t want anything, too,” Schaefer noted. 

And both added that it’s okay to give a source a heads-up the day before a critical story.

“At least that way, they can get to the newspaper in the morning before their spouse,” Schaefer said. “They appreciate the gesture.”

– Where and how you approach a source who may have information you want can make a difference.

Elrick and Schaefer often went to public officials’ homes in the evening to ask questions – so the sources wouldn’t have to explain to coworkers or bosses why they were talking to reporters.

“We try to find people in a setting where they are comfortable,” Elrick said.

– Persistence is one of a reporter’s best tools:

“We never take no for an answer,” Elrick said. “We know that more than one person has the information. And we know that people in their heart want to do the right thing. We try to make people understand why it’s in the public’s best interest to give us the information.”

– ”Off the record” conversations with sources are part of investigative reporting. 

Both Elrick and Schaefer said they let sources give them information  
confidentially. But both emphasized that it involves constant negotiation, trying to get as much information “on the record” as possible.

It’s not off the record until both the source and the reporter agree that it is, Elrick said.

 ”You can’t let a source say this is off the record and then just start talking,” he said.

It’s critical that the reporter clarifies exactly what ”off the record” means to both parties. And then, after listening to the information, the reporter should start trying to get as much as possible on the record.

Often, Schaefer said, sources want to be off the record. But when you read back to them what you want to report, they say, “yeh, that’s okay.”

– The other key message from the two reporters was that the Internet has dramatically changed the way they do business.

“People want to read, hear, see the news on a variety of platforms,” Elrick said.

As they reported on the text message story, they usually had at least one and often two or more videographers with them – so there would be video for the Free Press Web site, Freep.com.

They noted that the text message story broke on the Web site the night before it was in the print edition of the Free Press.

John Adams had a message for Barack Obama

January 19th, 2009

On the eve of Barack Obama’s inauguration, I just finished “John Adams,” by David McCullough.

I know, I’m behind on my reading. Everyone else watched the movie last year, and read the book years ago. But it’s not unusual for me to miss a trend.

Adams was the first U.S. president to live in the White House. He moved into the  not-quite-finished presidential palace – his words - in November of 1800, shortly before finishing his one term as president.

In a letter to his wife the morning after his first night in the White House, Adams wrote: “I pray heaven to bestow the best of blessings on this house and all that shall hereafter inhabit. May none but honest and wise men ever rule under this roof.”

Adams and his wife also noted, with much sadness and frustration, that many of the workers finishing the White House were black slaves.

The message from the past is poignant. The White House’s first resident offered an eloquent prayer for his successors – while black slaves worked to finish the house.

Tomorrow, a black man will move into the White House.

How is that for cool.

Franklin Roosevelt liked the Adams quote about the White House so much he had it lettered in gold over the fireplace in the White House dining room.

On a related subject, a year ago I read Team of Rivals, the great book by Doris Kearns Goodwin on Abraham Lincoln’s presidency. It chronicled how Lincoln chose his political rivals for his cabinet instead of sticking with safe friends and colleagues who agreed with him.

It’s not coincidence that Barack Obama gave his Sunday night speech standing in front of the Lincoln monument. Newspapers and television stations across the country showed that image – the new black president standing in front of the president who emancipated the slaves.

Obama’s selection of Hilary Clinton as his secretary of state and Robert Gates as secretary of defense, among others, are examples of his own willingness to stretch out of his comfort zone to make the right choices.

Of course, it’s too early to put Mr. Obama in the same category as Lincoln or even Adams. He is taking office during dire times – much like 1860 and 1796 were trying times for our country.

But the proof will be in how he copes with the unreasonable expectations and intractable problems. Whether he manages to remain committed to changing how decisions are made in Washington, realizing the promise of the campaign rhetoric about hope for a new kind of America.